ABSTRACT
Aim: To study the various presentations and manifestations of complicated rhinosinusitis in COVID era- ranging from bacterial rhino sinusitis to invasive fungal rhino sinusitis. Methods: Design-A retrospective observational study was carried out from March 2020 to May 2021. Setting-Tertiary care hospital subjects—all COVID-positive patients who had paranasal sinus involvement. Methods-Patients were evaluated based on their symptomatology profile. Fungal stains and culture were carried out for all. They underwent Magnetic resonance Imaging and Computed Tomography scan on case-to-case basis, apart from routine nasal endoscopy. All were managed both medically and surgically depending upon their diagnosis. The natural course including outcomes, was studied, documented and analyzed. Results: Out of 496 patients presenting with sinonasal disease, 126 were COVID-positive, 16 patients had complicated rhino sinusitis, of which 4 patients had complicated rhinosinusitis with intraorbital, intracranial or combined complications. All patients were managed successfully with combined medical and surgical approach. Twelve patients had invasive mucormycosis with overall mortality rate of 37%. Conclusion: Complicated sinusitis was encountered in COVID-positive patients either when they were being actively treated for COVID-19 or as part of post-COVID sequalae. Though rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis constituted the major disease burden in such patients but the possibility of bacterial rhino sinusitis with or without complications must also be kept in mind while evaluating such patients. We must remember every complicated rhinosinusitis in COVID-positive patient may not be mucor and manage appropriately. © 2023, The Author(s).
ABSTRACT
The tale COVID infection pandemic or as far as we might be concerned better, COVID-19, has assaulted society on a worldwide scale. For the unenlightened, the sickness is brought about by the specific infection Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It is only from time to time that we have a pandemic seething on that has carried with itself a particularly humongous size of harm and on each and every front of the human culture, be it clinical, practical, social or pretty much anything. Theemerging coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has neurological symptoms comparable to that of the Extreme Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and MERS-CoV. Medical symptoms such as pain in head, vomiting, nausea, dizziness, muscle pain, anosmia, ageusia, and disorder of consciousness are present in COVID-19 affected people. These signs confirm that the COVID-19 infection affects the nervous system. But nerve affecting manifestations of COVID-19 infection are underreported. Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is a condition that often arises in various forms. According to the evaluation case reports so far from the start of COVID-19 infection, GBS could be associated with COVID-19 infection. There was a systematic review and published cases that suggested that a broad age range with male predominance was affected. There were respiratory and/or systemic symptoms in most patients and they developed GBS manifestations after COVID-19. However, asymptomatic cases of COVID-19 have also been identified. The distribution of clinical variants and electrophysiological subtypes is close to that of classical GBS, with a higher prevalence of classical sensorimotor form and acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. It seems like it is important to pay attention to the neurological effects of COVID-19.